From the Jan/Feb/March 2024 Newsletter
A little bit of Hulmeville History – Slavery in Hulmeville
Some may be surprised to learn that the institution of slavery was practiced in Hulmeville but in fact, enslaved people lived, worked, had children, were sold, and attempted escaped throughout the 1700s and into early 1800s in Milford Mills which was the name of the village that became Hulmeville. The numbers were small, but the presence of slavery was consistent throughout this era. There were two well documented instances of residents who held enslaved people. Stephen Williams and John Praul and his son both claimed ownership of enslaved people. Williams and Praul were two of the wealthiest men in Middletown Township in the 18 th century and the houses where they lived and kept these enslaved people still stand in Hulmeville today.
Stephen Williams owned the mills along the creek and the house that is now 2 Water Street from the early 1750s through the 1770s. He placed numerous advertisements in Philadelphia newspapers related to enslaved people. Most of the ads reference one man named Plymouth. Plymouth ran away from Williams in 1753 and 1756. From the advertisements he seems to have worked as a miller. He also played the fiddle very well. Plymouth must have been captured and returned because he is advertised for sale in 1758. That same year for some reason he and four other people broke out of the jail in Newtown. It’s possible that’s where he was being held after he had been recaptured. In 1760 Williams didn’t used his name but advertised that he was selling two negro men, one of whom was a miller. In addition to Plymouth, Williams mentions a number of other people that he is selling. The largest number he advertised at one time was in 1758 when he offered a total of six people for sale. The ad (shown above) said he had three negro men, a negro woman and “a negro boy or two.”
While Williams held enslaved people on the banks of the Neshaminy, the Praul family enslaved people on the top of the hill in Hulmeville. The Praul’s owned hundreds of acres of land, mostly in the area that is now the center of Hulmeville. They lived in the house known as Bunting’s Farm or Black’s Farm. John Praul purchased this land and moved onto the property in the 1720s and it stayed in his family for 200 years until the Buntings purchased it in the 1920s. It’s not clear how many enslaved people he had living there with him but as show in his 1771 will depicted above, he left a portion of the house and an enslaved woman name Hager to his wife Jane “to hold to her… forever.” Additionally, his son Peter, who inherited a farm in Southampton, was left an enslaved man named Cato. John Praul’s oldest son who was also named John inherited the farm and house in Hulmeville. He also owned enslaved people. In 1780 Pennsylvania passed a gradual abolition law which required slave owners to register their slaves and to eventually free any children born to enslaved women after 1780. The registration records show that John Praul owned seven enslaved people when he completed his registration. They were Cato (38 yrs.), Jack (35 yrs.), Nan (32 yrs.), Luce (8 yrs.), Jud (6 yrs.) Sam (3 yrs.) and Suk (3 mos.). This John Praul was very wealthy and also a judge on the PA court of common pleas. However, he also had two hundred acres around his home that was farmed, and it is likely that these enslaved people helped with that farm work once they were old enough. It was common for enslaved people to live in a section of the owner’s home and so it’s quite possible that these people lived in the Praul’s house. Another common practice was for them to be buried on the edge of the property in unmarked graves, but we do not know for certain if that was the case on the Praul farm. In the 1790 census John Praul registered only three enslaved people living with him. Documents show that in 1798 John Praul Jr. freed both Luce at the age of twenty-one and Jud, who was eighteen in accordance with the gradual abolition law, but it is unclear what happened with the other five people.